Effect of Hyperglycemia on Nephrin Mediated Function in Nephron of Diabetic Rats

Abstract

ephrin is a transmembrane protein located at the slit diaphragm in the area between two podocyte cells. Nephrin maintains normal structure of slit diaphragm which functions as filtration barrier. It is also involved in cell signaling in podocyte cells. Nephrin is said to have an effect of hyperglycemia as it alters the regulation of Nephrin mediated function in Nephron. Hyperglycemia is characterized by having high glucose levels in blood plasma. The present study was aimed to find the effect of hyperglycemia on Nephrin signaling and this was done by assessing gene expression of Nephrin and by Histology study of kidney cells. Gene expression study involved isolation of RNA, preparation of cDNA and qPCR. The results showed upregulation of Nephrin in hyperglycemic condition. Histology study was done through two staining methods i.e. Hematoxylin and Eosin (HE) staining and Masson’s trichrome staining. The results were analyzed by observing various morphological changes in cells like Distal convoluted tubule (DCT), Proximal convoluted tubule (PCT), Bowman’s capsule, Glomerulus and Collecting tubule in hyperglycemic condition as compared to control one. This study also aimed at finding and analyzing various phytochemicals from plants that interacts and targets Nephrin which was done through molecular docking, followed by ADMET prediction and Pharmacophore generation. Pharmacophore models were generated which possess anti- hyperglycemic activity. Hence, regulation of Nephrin mediated function in Nephron is altered in hyperglycemic condition.