Studying the Potential of Poly (I:C) and R848 in Generation of B Cell Response and T Cells to Protein Antigen

Abstract

Our Immune system has its own blueprint to fight against various range of pathogen but there are certain microorganisms that escape our prompt immune system. With the advancements in technology, the interaction between host and pathogen has been well studied although the mechanism remains poorly understood. So, to combat this bleak situation, vaccination is the gold standard approach aiming to achieve protective and sterile immunity. However, activating and licensing the activity of both B and T cells is a major hurdle in successful vaccination. To enhance immune response, scientific community has tried using different adjuvants and at certain stage, success has been achieved, however, further validation is ongoing. With respect to this, here we are trying to explore the role of two different adjuvants: Poly(I:C) and R848, in line of sub-unit vaccine approach. Poly(I:C), a TLR 3 agonist, is well known for activating antigen-specific CMI response. On the other hand, R848, a TLR 7/8 agonist, is well investigated for its ability to generate high antibody titres. Moreover, protein antigen along with Poly (I:C), R848 and its combination shown the elevated antigen specific IgG levels and proliferative function of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells after in vitro peptide specific stimulation. In addition to that, repeated immunization has enhanced the production of cytotoxic T cells which may provide us protective immunity. In nutshell, both the adjuvant may aid in activating and boosting the immune system alongside protein antigen and could be the part of vaccination with prior detailed investigation.