Transformations in the Sacred Architecture: The Case of Mosques in Ahmedabad

Abstract

Sacred may be defined as something which is absolutely pure and divine. Even though, sacredness can be experienced anywhere irrespective of the location or the built , throughout the history we have seen the making of sacred sites by various architects, builders and craftsmen. Imagining such Sacred Sites without architectural design elements is difficult as these elements distinguish them from other structures of the same time period. Therefore, the link between Sacred and Architecture is unquestionable and possesses a symbiotic relationship. Thus, Sacred Architecture can be defined as the structures which are intended for religious purposes which evokes the feeling of Sacredness on visiting them. Over the years the notion of Sacred Architecture has evolved and transformed.

An attempt has been made in the thesis to evaluate the transformative nature of the Sacred Architecture through the Theoretical Lens of Hoffman (a prominent scholar in Religious architecture). It explores the sacred spaces in the two mosques of Ahmedabad - the traditional Jama Masjid and the modern Dadamiya Mosque. The Jama Masjid built in the 15th century reflects Indo-Islamic architectural style, bridging the gap between existing Hindu regional influences and Islamic architecture from the West. In contrast, the Dadamiya Mosque built in the 20th century demonstrates a contemporary approach, reflecting modern design principles in the Islamic sacred spaces.

The study focuses on the role of architectural elements in evoking the experience of sacredness in the mosque. Hoffman's theory on Sacred Architecture in the Modern Structures provides a foundation to analyse how the architectural elements act as a symbolic markers to make mundane spaces with deep spiritual significance. The interplay of these elements adds meaning and depth to the environment. The elements in themselves might not add entirely in creation of the sacred space but when crafted together with care can contribute in making mundane spaces sacred.

Through qualitative analysis and comparative study of the two contrasting mosques, the thesis aims to evaluate the Constant and Transformations in the attributes of Sacred architecture over the years. Overall, the enquiry of the study is to synthesize the findings and infer the parameters which elevates or demotes the sacred experience generated specifically through architecture of the mosques.