Genetic Intervention and Alzheimer’s Disease: Dazzling New Dawns on Alzheimer’s Horizon

Abstract

Alzheimer's disease, a prevalent neurological condition that fallouts the memory loss and progressive cognitive impairments is one of the incurable conditions globally. The progression of the diseases increasing like anything as life expectancy increases, affecting millions of individuals globally, not limiting to the elderly but also to young onset day by day. Alzheimer's disease is one of the leading causes of dementia, accounting for 60-70% of all cases. According to estimates, it affects 5-8% of people over the age of 65 worldwide, and its prevalence upsurges significantly with age. Alzheimer's disease, the commonest type of dementia, is estimated to impact 50 million people worldwide, according to the World Health Organization. This amount is predicted to increase to more than 82 million by 2030 and more than 152 million by 2050, posing significant challenges for global healthcare systems. Memantine and cholinesterase inhibitors, as donepezil and related classes of the drug, are two often prescribed drugs that target neurotransmitters associated with memory and cognitive functions. While these therapies only lessen symptoms, they do not change the disease progression. Cognitive stimulation therapy and physical exercise are non-pharmacological therapies that enhance cognitive performance. There is an immediate need for neuron resilient rather than biological fires due to the alarming frequency and prevalence of Alzheimer's disease. The underlying genetic reasons of Alzheimer's disease can be addressed through the use of genome editing technologies like CRISPR/Cas9, which may eventually lead to more potent therapies or perhaps a cure. The current review has been carried out to unfold the covering of genomic modulation identifying the various gene therapies available and the potential of related technologies in tackling the global burden of Alzheimer's disease.