Impact of Electromagnetic Fields in Electric Vehicle & Its Optimization

Abstract

The growing popularity of electric vehicles (EVs) is transforming the automotive market. Unlike traditional vehicles, EVs are powered by traction batteries and contain various electronic and electromagnetic components like motor controllers, Battery Management Systems (BMS), onboard chargers, and traction motors. However, these components can generate electromagnetic interference (EMI) within the vehicle, potentially affecting the passengers and drivers. This project aims to investigate the impact of EMI on the human body and develop strategies to mitigate hazardous electromagnetic fields and their interference. The entire electric vehicle is simulated using MATLAB Simulink, while the analysis of electromagnetic fields due to power harness is conducted using Altair Feko software. One approach to reducing EMI is the use of shielded power cables, which can help contain and minimize harmful electromagnetic fields. Simulation results using shielded cables demonstrate a notable reduction in electromagnetic interference, ensuring that the magnetic field values remain within acceptable limits defined by standards. By optimizing the design and placement of electronic components and employing shielding techniques, this project contributes to enhancing the safety and comfort of EV passengers and drivers, making electric vehicles a more attractive and viable transportation option.