Optimized Routing Protocol for Data Dissemination in Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks

Abstract

Vehicular Ad hoc Network (VANET) is a new communication paradigm that enables the communication between vehicles in the network about potential obstacles on the road ahead. This has opened door to develop several new applications like traffic engineering, traffic management, dissemination of emergency information to avoid hazardous situations and other user applications as a part of Intelligent Trans- port System (ITS). Various approaches of data dissemination in vehicular network is to inform vehicles about dynamic road traffic condition so that a safe and efficient transportation system can be achieved. Here, data dissemination techniques are extensively reviewed and concluded that data dissemination techniques depends on the type of application and data to be transmitted among vehicles. However, type of VANET applications and inherent characteristics such as di erent network density, fast movement of vehicles make data dissemination quite challenging. Topology based routing protocols AODV, AOMDV, DSDV and DSR are evaluated with NS-2 simulator for highway and city scene, where in vehicle mobility is generated using MObility generator for VEhicular networks (MOVE). Simulation results shows that AODV has higher Avg. End-to-End delay and Dropped packets compare to other routing protocols in given scenarios with varying traffic concentration. However there is a scope to improve performance of AODV protocol in terms of Avg. End-to-End delay and Packet Loss Ratio in VANETs. Improvement is Limited Source Routing up to two hops with Backup route between Source node and Destination node in AODV protocol, which combines the routing mechanism of DSR and AOMDV proto- col. Quantitative evaluation based on Vehicle Density, No. of Active connections and Vehicle Mobility is done for suggested evaluation metrics. Results indicate that the proposed improvement on AODV routing protocol is better compared to the existing data dissemination approach of AODV protocol.