Review paper on Platinum Group Metal free catalyst for automotive exhaust emission

Abstract

Catalytic exhaust after treatment of vehicle engines employed to the benefit of the air quality especially in the urban areas. Both spark ignition and compression ignition engines are fitted with platinum group metals (PGM) based catalyst for the elimination of main pollutants like CO, Hydrocarbons, NOx and particulate matters. Due to the limitations of platinum group metal in practical application including high cost, volatilization at high operating temperature, sublimation, sintering at high temperature and limited resources of platinum group metals, efforts for the replacement of platinum group metals is however deemed necessary. This paper reviews the potential of PGM free based catalyst i.e. Perovskites in automobile emission control. The reviews covers crystallographic of perovskites structure, advances in designing of perovskites, synthesis of perovskites, factors affecting perovskites, applications of perovskites in automotive exhaust emissions and its limitations.