Performance Evaluation of Wireless Sensor Networks Routing Protocols

Abstract

Many routing, power management, and data dissemination protocols have been specifically designed for Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) where energy awareness is an essential design issue. We first outline the categories of routing protocols in WSNs followed by a comprehensive survey of routing techniques. Overall, the routing techniques are classified into three categories based on the underlying network structure: flat, hierarchical, and location-based routing. The design tradeoffs between energy and communication overhead savings in every routing paradigm are analyzed. We also highlight the advantages and performance issues of each routing technique. Simulations of various protocols pointed out that LEACH was better algorithm compared with Flooding and Gossiping. The paper concludes with optimization proposal for LEACH.