Identification Of Fault Using Synchronized Phasor Measurement Techniques

Abstract

For the secure and reliable operation of the interconnected power system, it is required to measure and monitor the system in real time. Conventional Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition / Energy Management System (SCADA/EMS) obtain the data at interval of 2-10 sec. This report gives an idea about synchronized Phasor Measurement (SPM) based Wide Area Monitoring System (WAMS) using Phasor Measurement Unit (PMU) placed at various locations in electrical power network. They are synchronized by the Global Positioning System (GPS) satellites. High precision time-stamped data are obtained from PMUs at typical rates of 30 samples per second. For improvements in power system control and protection by utilizing real time synchronized phasor measurements is suggested. To install optimal nos. of PMUs in power system network is an important task. Various methods like Depth First, Recursive Security, Recursive N-1 spanning suggesting optimal placement of PMUs for complete observability of a power system are reviewed. Steady state and single branch outages for PMU placement algorithms are analyzed on IEEE-14 bus test system and 11 bus two area model as well. To achieve high speed fault clearance the traveling waves are extracted from the voltages and currents at the terminal of the transmission line modeled in form of two area where fault occurs. The information contained in the waves may lead to detect, isolate and locate the position of fault faster which is prime requisite of present power system.