Development and Implementation of Algorithm for Automated Synchronization of Alternators

Abstract

Generator paralleling is a frequent and essential operation in the power system. Syn- chronizing a generator to the power system must be done carefully to prevent damage to the machine and disturbance to the power system. The core task of a synchronizer is to estimate the voltage magnitude, frequency and phase sequence at the generator terminal and system bus accurately and rapidly. If standard conditions of synchro- nization are not matched at the instant of circuit breaker closing, the power system equipment on the two sides of circuit breaker may be damaged due to the inrush current at the instant of closing the circuit. This project work is focused on the development of an algorithms for automated synchronization of alternators. Algorithm evaluates the existence of necessary condi- tions for synchronism, and then decides whether or not a command should be issued to allow the circuit breaker to close. Protective relay grade microcontroller device can signi cantly improve automated synchronization system. The device adopted is PIC16F877A as main controller to realized automated control operation. The data of voltages, frequencies, phase sequence and synchronism time have been transferred to the microcontroller. These data are monitored and evaluated by the control algo- rithm coded into PIC controller. As a part of algorithm development process, the speci c area of work can be present as below: 1. Coding of developed algorithms in C' language using mikroC PRO PIC com- piler. 2. PIC 40 Pin development board is used implement developed algorithm. 3. USB PIC Programmer supports onboard programming through ICSP of any PIC microcontrollers from Microchip is used to load program in PICF877A. 4. Simulated testing of developed algorithm is carried out using Real PIC Simu- lator, ISIS 7 Professional-Proteus which show satisfactory result of algorithm. 5. Experimental test of algorithms is carried out which validates developed algo- rithm satisfactorily.