Gut Microbiota Modulation by Using Target Specific Antibiotic

Abstract

Obesity, diabetes and consequently atherosclerotic vascular disease have become major health and public health issues worldwide. Obesity is associated with substantial changes in composition and metabolic function of gut microbiota, but the pathophysiological processes driving this bidirectional relationship have not been fully elucidated. To assess this issue, we modulated gut microbiota via antibiotics. A multiparticulate delivery system for site-specific delivery of cefdinir which acts against gram negative bacteria, linezolid against gram positive bacteria and gemifloxacin as a broad spectrum antibiotic were used and coated with pH-sensitive polymer (Eudragit S100 and Eudragit L100-55) for the modulation of gut microbiota two types of diet were given to animal’s i.e. High fructose and normal diet. After a four weeks intervention with antibiotics it was observed that gram positive treated group have higher total fat pad, total cholesterol, and triglyceride due to predominance of gram negative bacteria irrespective of the type of diet (i.e. normal and high fructose diet) indicating that continuous use of these antibiotic may develop insulin resistance or diabetes in animals. Increased levels of liver glycogen, HDL-C was observed in spite of giving high fat diet in the gram negative treated group. While severe liver damage was observed in gram positive treated group indicating that the low grade inflammation caused due to predominance of gram negative bacteria and in gram negative treated group damage was lower or equivalent to rats treated with broad spectrum antibiotic. Changes in gut microbiota by partial removal of gram negative bacteria may control metabolic endotoxemia, inflammation, and associated disorders by a mechanism that could increase intestinal permeability. It would thus be useful to develop strategies for changing gut microbiota to control, intestinal permeability, metabolic endotoxemia, and associated disorders Key words: Gut Micro flora, Eudragit, Antibiotic, Large Intestine, Small Intestine, Fructose diet