Effect of oryzanol on cadmium chloride induced hypertension and transient middle artery occlusion induced ischemic stroke in rats treated with cadmium chloride

Abstract

Background and Objectives: Stroke, an acute focal neurological deficit as a result of disturbance in the cerebral blood circulation, is third leading cause of death worldwide. Hypertension, the most potent contributor to the incidence of ischemicstroke, causes stiffening and hardening of the arteries leading to arteriosclerosis which leads to a reduction of blood flow and increase in the ischemic penumbra. Oryzanol, a ferulic acid ester has free radical scavenging, anti-inflammatory and blood pressure lowering effect.The study is aimed to evaluate effect of oryzanol on cadmium chloride induced hypertension and transient middle cerebral artery occlusion induced ischemic stroke in rats treated with cadmium chloride. Materials and Methods: Sprague Dawley rats (either sex) were used and divided in to six groups: Normal Control, Hypertensive Control, Hypertensive Sham operated,Hypertensive Control, Hypertensive cerebral ischemic control (Hypertensive IR control), oryzanol (100 mg/kg, p.o.)treatment in Hypertensive animals (Hypertensive Oz-100), oryzanol (100 mg/kg, p.o.) treatment in Hypertensive IR animals (Hypertensive IR Oz-100). Hypertension in rats was induced by cadmium chloride (1 mg/kg, i.p.) for three weeks. The treatment with the test drug was started from the first day of treatment with cadmium chloride for 21 days. On 14th day, tMCAO was performed and after 7 days ofthe surgery blood was collected, blood pressure was measured and animals were sacrificed for brain excision. Various serum parameters like LDH level, CRP level, CK-MB, renal biomarkers like serum creatinine, urea, uric acid and albumin levels and brain damage indicator parameters like infarct volume, neurological score, weight difference of brain hemisphere, Na+K+ATPase activity,nitrite level, lipid peroxidation,reduced glutathione level and SOD activity were measured.