Phytopharmacological evaluation of various formulations in animal model of anemian with and without inflammation

Abstract

Aim and Objective: Anemia is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with chronic disease and iron deficiency. The present study was undertaken to evaluate anti-anemic potential of formulation of Angelica sinensis in ovalbumin induced anemia of inflammation in Balb/c mice and evaluation of herbomineral formulation in agar gel diet and phlebotomy induced iron deficiency anemia in Wistar rats. Materials and Methods: Formulation of A. sinensis and herbomineral formulation were subjected to pharmacognostic studies which involved organoleptic, physicochemical and preliminary phytochemical evaluations. Asthma was induced by intraperitonial injection of 50 mg ovalbumin in 4 mg aluminum hydroxide in 0.2 ml saline. On day 1st and 14th ovalbumin was given by intraperitonial injection. Control animals were induced with equal volume of vehicle. Treatment of A. sinensis 100 mg/kg, folic acid 2 mg /kg was given from day 1 to 35 days. Weakly food, water and body weight gain was observed. On day 28, 29 and 30 and 35 animals were exposured to 1% Ovalbumin in PBS for 20 minutes each day. 24 hours after last exposure blood was collected and haematological and biochemical parameter were determined like blood cell count, hematocrit, haemoglobin, reticulocyte, ferritin, total serum iron, iron binding capacity, transferin saturation. Iron deficiency anemia was induced by agar gel diet for 30 days. On 10th,20th,28th, 30 days phlebotomy was performed by snipping the tail vein of each rat. Treatment of herbomineral formulation (100 mg/kg) standard folic acid 2 mg /kg was given from day 1 to day 30. After 30 days blood was collected and haematological and biochemical parameter were determined like blood cell count, hematocrit, haemoglobin, reticulocyte, ferritin, total serum iron, iron binding capacity, transferin saturation. Results: Ovalbumin produced inflammation which cause reduction of hemoglobin, red blood cell count, hematocrit, reticulocyte and low serum iron, decreased total iron-binding capacity, decreased transferrin saturation, elevated serum ferritin. Treatment with formulation of A. Sinensis significantly (P<0.05) prevented ovalbumin induced reduction in hemoglobin, red blood cell count, hematocrit, reticulocyte. The formulation also significantly (P<0.05) reduced the elevated serum ferritin levels in inflammation induced anemic mice and elevated the serum iron, total iron-binding capacity, and transferrin saturation levels. Agar gel diet and phlebotomy which cause reduction of hemoglobin, red blood cell count, hematocrit, reticulocyte and low serum iron, increased total iron-binding capacity, decreased transferrin saturation. Treatment with herbomineral formulation significantly increased (P<0.05) agar gel diet and phlebotomy induced reduction in hemoglobin, red blood cell count, hematocrit and reticulocyte levels. Herbomineral formulation also significantly (P<0.05) reduced the elevated total iron binding capacity in agar gel diet and phlebotomy induced anemic rats and elevated the serum iron and transferrin saturation levels. Conclusion: Formulation of A. sinensis showed beneficial effect on anemia associated with chronic inflammatory disease such as allergic asthma. The formulation showed modulation in haematological and biochemical parameters indicates that A. sinensis may produce its effect by acting on hepcidin pathway by increasing iron absorption from microphage and acting on inflammatory cytokines pathway. The herbomineral formulation also showed modulation in haematological and biochemical parameters in animal model of iron deficiency anemia, indicates that it may be beneficial in preventing iron deficient disease by releasing iron storage. From above experiments we can conclude that these formulations from herbal origin are efficient for the management of anemia with and without inflammation.