EMR Pollution- An Imperceptible Threat For Safety

Abstract

Technology is an application of science for the betterment of humanity. The succession in technology must be harmonized with our mother nature.The progression must not result into destructive effects to human beings. Establishment of new technology must diminish the effects of detrimental factors.Electromagnetic waves have contributed significantly in the growth of communication systems.The adverse effects of progression in technology have led towards health issues as a consequence of radiation.The pollution is the phenomenon which causes adverse effects on environment or creatures.Electromagnetic waves are responsible for causing health risks to humanity and degrade the performance of equipments.So, it can be called pollution.In physics, radiation is a phenomenen in which energetic particles or energetic waves travel through a medium or space.EMR (Electro Magnetic Radiation) is hazardous to humanity and can be considered as a pollutant for the safety of environment,human beings and machines.Thus it can be mentioned as Electromagnetic interference.Electromagnetic interference is caused by electromagnetic radiation.Electromagnetic interference is a disturbance which may result into malfunctioning of equipments.EM waves, light, heat, x-ray and gamma rays are all different forms of electromagnetic radiation.However, they differ in their wavelength. These radiations have hazardous effects on human beings and material. The damaging levels depend on frequency, ambient temperature, body resistance and weight of individuals.Exposure over an energy density of 10 mw/cm² at any frequency is considered to be not safe.It can be categorised into broadband and narrowband intereference.The sources of electromagnetic interference can be natural or man made.A systemetic approach is required to deal with electromagnetic interference.Electromagnetic compatibility is a phenomenon to describe immunity of equipment or component in electromagnetic environment.EMC is a controlling mechanism to protect against EMI effects.Federal Communications Commission (FCC) in the US published a regulation in 1979 that required the electromagnetic emissions of all “digital devices" to be below certain limits. The intent of this rule was to try to limit the “electromagnetic pollution" of the environment in order to prevent, or at least reduce, the number of instances of EMI. Different military as well as civilian standards are developed for immunity and emission measurements.Military EMC standards are made in order to ensure system-to-system compatibility in the real time military environment. The civilian EMC standards are applicable for equipments used for commercial, industrial and domestic applications. The emission standards are specified to protect the broadcast services from interference. These also take into account the physiological interference effects experienced by human beings.Military standards are more strigent than civilian standards.The standards are developed by different organisations like IEC, FCC and CISPR.This paper focuses on the probable hazards of electromagnetic Interference on human beings as well as machines and evolution of different standards for safety against electromagnetic interference.The motive of this paper is to disseminate an awareness about possible perilous effects of radiation and its counteractive measures.