Effect of Bio-additives on Performance and Emission of Diesel Engine Fueled with Esterified Oil and Diesel Blend

Abstract

Globally automobile industry is facing two major problems, one is depleting of present resources of traditional fuels and second is environmental effect due to emission of engine. This report discusses in a general and comparative aspects such as fuel properties, performance, environmental effects and exhaust emissions. To deal with this issue a lot of research is going on for development of alternate fuel which is compatible with present engine system and to get lower emission than traditional fuel. Jatropha based bio diesel is such promising fuel. Another method of improving performance is to use additives in certain proportions. In present work C.I. Engine performance and emission study was carried out using diesel, bio diesel and diethyl ether as a test fuel. Where bio diesel is alternate fuel and diethyl ether is additive. Bio diesel proportion was added up to 30% in step of 5% and diethyl ether was added up to 5% in step of 1%. Thus including base fuel i.e. diesel, different 37 test fuels were prepared and tested in C.I. Engine. During experiments compression ratio was kept as 18 and injection timing is 23 degree before top dead center, which are optimum for present engine.

Based on experiments it was found that performance wise diesel, bio diesel and DEE(Diethyl ether) blend is at par with diesel fuel. Thermal efficiency and brake specific energy consumption of various blends are better than diesel for full load operation. HC, CO and NOx emission are lower than diesel fuel for most of blends at full load condition. Present blends are meeting EURO IV norms of HC emission for all load operations and CO emission for 25% to 100% load operations. However NOx emissions are higher than EURO IV norms for entire load range. Based on overall performance and emission analysis 20% to 25% bio diesel and 3% to 5% of additive gives better results.