Performance Analysis of Cross Layer Protocols for Wireless Sensor Networks

Abstract

Present age technologies like Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems for development of smart sensors, small transceivers and low-priced hardware are fueling increased interest in Wireless Sensor Networks. The task of developing a generic protocol framework for optimizing Wireless Sensor Networks is challenging because limited processing capabilities, memory and power supply of sensor node make it difficult to cater requirements of versatile applications of these networks. This has forced researchers to dissect the traditional layered protocol design process. As a result cross layer protocols that attempt to exploit richer interaction among communication layers to achieve performance gains have emerged. This paper surveys, classifies, simulates using Network Simulator NS2 and analyzes well referred cross layer protocols namely Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy, Self Organized TDMA Protocol, Flexible TDMA Protocol, Energy Efficient Fast Forwarding Protocol and D-MAC. We also identify possible risks associated with cross layer design and suggest precautionary guidelines for the same.