Comparision and Evaluation of Flavonoid Content and Antioxidant Activity of Slected Medicinally Importance Bamboo Growing in India

Abstract

India is the second largest reserve of bamboo species after china. India about 136 bamboo species are available , among them Bambusa arundinacea , Bambusa vulgaris , Dendrocalamus strictus are indigenous species of Gujarat , declared by National bamboo mission , under the Ministry of agriculture ,government of India. Bamboo species are reported to have antioxidant activity because of its flavonoids , which can be a good source for treating various free radical mediated diseases. In the present study , comparative evaluation of antioxidant potential for selected bamboo species namely Bambusa arundinacea , Bambusa vulgaris , Dendrocalamus strictus, Phyllostachys parvifolia was carried out. Phytochemical screening of Bambusa vulgaris and Dendrocalamus strictus showed the presence of alkaloid, tannin, phenolic , flavonoids as active secondary metabolites. Quality control parameters showed , presence of more water extractable compounds. Optimization of flavonoid rich extracts shows maximum total flavonoid content and %yield in 30%ethanol leaves extracts.Antioxidant potential of leaf extract was evaluated using DPPH , Hydrogen peroxide , superoxide , nitric oxide, reducing power scavenging activites. The DPPH radical scavenging activity shows the IC50 value 89.3μg/ml , 95.51μg/ml ,142.2μg/ml,126.4μg/ml respectively as compared to L-ascorbic acid. Bamboo leaves extracts can be a good hydrogen peroxide and nitric oxide scavengers. The isolation of phytoconstituents from acid hydrolysis leaf extract was carried out by column chromatography using graded mixture of hexane:ethylacetate, chloroform:ethyl acetate, chloroform:methanol. One compound was isolated from chloroform methanol fractions(25:25,20:30)at 0.44Rf , which can be further characterized using Mass and NMR spectroscopy.