Formulation and Characterization of Topical Gel Containing Benzoyl Peroxide and Clindamycin Phosphate

Abstract

Acne “is a chronic inflammatory disease of pilosebaceous glands. The purpose of this study was to develop topical gel for delivery of Benzoyl peroxide (BPO) and Clindamycin phosphate with an objective to decrease skin irritation and resolve the stability issues. Combination of Benzoyl peroxide and Clindamycin phosphate is more effective than monotherapy as there are less chances of bacterial resistance. Problem of skin irritation is observed in conventional formulations due to conversion of benzoyl peroxide to benzoic acid. Nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC) based formulation of BPO was developed and incorporated into gel in order to obtain controlled release of the drug. Glyceryl monostearate(GMS) was screened as the solid lipid for NLC due to its good solubilizing capacity, Glyceryl monooleate(GMO) as liquid lipid,Tween80 as surfactant and propylene glycol as co-surfactant. Box Benkhen experimental design was used to optimize the amount of lipid (X1), amount of Surfactant (X2) and homogenization time (X3) in the NLC. The design batches were assessed for particle size (nm), Polydispersity index (PDI) and %Encapsulation efficiency (%EE). The NLC consisting of 2.5gm GMS lipid, 3% Tween80 as Surfactant and 10min HSH time was selected as the optimized batch of Benzoyl peroxide loaded NLC. Particle size, PDI and %EE of benzoyl peroxide for optimized NLC were 160.2 nm, 0.582 and 80.3% respectively. Transmission electron microscopy of optimized batch confirmed the size and sphericity of NLC. Further, Carbomer 980was used to convert NLC into gel form for topical application. Thus, it was concluded that developed NLC of Benzoyl peroxide in combination with Clindamycin phosphate could be a promising formulation for effective treatment of acne compared to conventional formulation.