Neuropharmacological Evaluation of Nardostachys Jatamansi DC. Rhizome Extract in AD and ADHD

Abstract

Alzheimer’s disease is a geriatric disorder characterized by amnesia and dementia. The pathology involves β-amyloid plaque formation, Tau Hyperphosphorylation, Decrease in Acetylcholine availability, Free radical generation and Oxidative Stress. The current available treatment includes Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors and NMDA Receptor Antagonists. Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a paediatric disorder which is finding its prominence in adolescents and the adults. The pathology links ADHD to imbalance in the neurotransmitters, genetic links to Dopamine Transporter Genes, Brain injury, Prenatal and Perinatal exposure to pollutants like Lead, Mercury, polychlorinated biphenyls, etc. The available treatments include Stimulant and Non- Stimulant medications. Ayurveda has classified Nardostachys jatamansi DC. as a nootropic agent. The oil contains Alkaloids, Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), Carbohydrates, Steroids and Saponins which may have neuroprotective effects. Objectives: • Neuropharmacological activity of Nardostachys jatamansi DC. in Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and Alzheimer’s Disease (AD). • To investigate the mechanism of action of Nardostachys jatamansi DC. for ADHD and AD. Materials and Methods: Molecular Docking Studies: Docking of the drugs with Acetylcholinesterase was carried out using Gold 5.2.2. Pharmacognostical Analysis Nardostachys Jatamansi was evaluated for the presence of Carbohydrates, Reducing Sugars, Tannins, Proteins, Steroids, Saponins, Phenolic Compounds and Alkaloids. In-vivo Scopolamine induced Amnesia ModelMolecular Docking Studies: Docking of the drugs with Acetylcholinesterase was carried out using Gold 5.2.2. Pharmacognostical Analysis Nardostachys Jatamansi was evaluated for the presence of Carbohydrates, Reducing Sugars, Tannins, Proteins, Steroids, Saponins, Phenolic Compounds and Alkaloids. In-vivo Scopolamine induced Amnesia ModelMolecular Docking Studies: Docking of the drugs with Acetylcholinesterase was carried out using Gold 5.2.2. Pharmacognostical Analysis Nardostachys Jatamansi was evaluated for the presence of Carbohydrates, Reducing Sugars, Tannins, Proteins, Steroids, Saponins, Phenolic Compounds and Alkaloids.