Formulation and Development of Face-Wash and Night Cream for Treatment of Melasma

Abstract

Melasma is a skin disease in which the skin is hyper pigmented in particular areas but due to various factors. Melasma can occur due to numerous reasons but the prime reason can be hormonal change, menopause, UV exposure or genetic inheritance. Melasma occurs in three different clinical patterns centrofacial, malar, and mandibular. There are four main types of Melasma classified under Wood’s Light (i) Epidermal (ii) Dermal (iii) Mixed (iv) Intermediate. Melasama is treated mainly with the help of skin whitening agents, Exfoliating agents, or lasers. There are various therapies or treatments available for the treatment of Melasma but most of the treatments are used as first line treatments but very less therapy are used as maintenance. The treatments include various products like face wash, Creams, chemical peels and lasers treatments. One of the maintenance therapies includes a two step treatment which removes hyper pigmentation. The therapy includes face wash for exfoliation of dead hyper pigmented skin and night cream for Melasma which nourishes the skin and also lightens the dark skin. The novel approach of the therapy is the ingredients used are in a little higher concentration then the formulations available in the market. The face wash is formulated with 5% lactic acid which exfoliates the dead skin and thus leaves the skin in a condition which helps in quick absorption of the actives. The night cream is designed in a unique way which helps blocks the synthesis of melanin from the very first step i.e., by blocking the alpha MSH receptors which triggers the synthesis of melanin. The cream also contains fruits extracts which provide gentle exfoliation to the skin. The evaluation of the creams includes various parameters which include pH, Viscosity, Density and sensory properties. If the combination of the products is used according to the regime it can be used effectively for the treatment of Melasma.