Prevalence Of Alzheimer's Disease, Dementia and Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) Disorders In Patient Suffering From Diabetes Mellitus Having Coronary Artery Diseases (CAD) in Ahmedabad Region”

Abstract

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic, metabolic disorder which is characterized by hyperglycemia it is associated with the abnormal metabolism of carbohydrate, fat and protein and results into various complications like micro vascular, macro vascular and neuropathic disorders. As per International Diabetes Federation (IDF) 2017, total world population suffering from diabetes is 7.5 billion which is expected up to 9.5 billion by 2045. The total Adult population (20-79 years) is 4.84 billion which is expected up to 6.37 billion by 2045 and in India number of people with diabetes is 72.9 million. As per National Health profile report 2017 in Gujarat, 1, 14,018 people are suffering from diabetes. In both type 1 and type 2 DM, Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the main cause of death. Over 70% of people >65 years of age with DM will die from some form of heart disease or stroke. Diabetes is a risk factor for an accelerated rate of cognitive decline, Alzheimer’s and dementia. Coronary artery disease is prospectively associated with increased odds of developing cognitive impairment or dementia. However, the relationship between cognitive function and the subsequent development of diabetes is unclear. Most individuals diagnosed with MCI do progress to AD. Overall, studies estimate that 10-15% of people with MCI progress to AD each year. As per the world Alzheimer’s report 2015 around 46.8 million people having dementia around the globe, which is expected to increases to 74.7 million by2030. Objective: To study the prevalence of Alzheimer’s disease, Dementia and Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) disorders in patient suffering from Diabetes mellitus having CAD and to find out whether these neurodegenerative disorders are correlated with Diabetes mellitus in patients suffering from CAD. Study Methodology: This was a prospective, single-centric study involving 350 female and male patients. Patients suffering from diabetes mellitus having coronary artery diseases were selected at Sanjivani Super Speciality Hospital Pvt.Ltd., Ahmedabad - Gujarat. Data analysis was carried by using Chi-square test using Graphpad prism 7 software. All relationships were considered significant at p< 0.05.