Prevalence and determinants of depression in diabetic patients: An observational study in a tertiary care center in Ahmedabad region”

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus doubles the chances of suffering from depression. Depression and diabetes shared the bidirectional association. Co-occurrence of diabetes and depression has been established in clinical studies, which is associated with increased impairment as well as mortality. It is crucial to know the prevalence of depression in diabetes and its association with various risk factors. The objective of the study:The objective of present study was to determine the prevalence of depression and to determine associated risk factors among diabetes patients in Ahmedabad region. Methodology: An observational, single-centric and prospective study was performed in Dia-care: Diabetes care and hormone clinic, Ahmedabad. Total 360 diabetic patients were included in this study to diagnose depression. The clinical interview was carried out using (Patient Health Questionnaire) PHQ-9 questionnaire. To access associated risk factors, sociodemographic characteristics of the patient, physical activity, marital status, family history, duration of diabetes, HbA1c level, systolic and diastolic blood pressure and diabetic complications were evaluated. Results: 64.72% patients (N= 233) were found to be suffering from depression among them 55.56% were mildly depressed, 7.78 % were moderately depressed, and 1.39 % were suffering from severe depression. Significant association was found between diabetesassociated depression and duration of diabetes (P < 0.0001), quality of sleep (P < 0.0001), education (P < 0.0001), occupation (P < 0.0001), hypertension (P < 0.0001), dyslipidemia (P <0.0001), Body Mass Index (P – 0.0002), diabetic complications (P < 0.0001), maritalstatus (P – 0.0471), age (P < 0.0001), gender (P – 0.0213) and physical activity (P <0.0001). There was no significant association found between diabetes-associated depression and type of diabetes, HbA1c range and family history. Conclusion: The present study conclude that diabetic patients need detailed psychiatric analysis to rule out depression, which further complicates the treatment of the patient.