In-vitro study on genotoxicity of Silver Nanoparticles coated with herbal extract

Abstract

Nanotechnology is a popular technique used in wide range throughout world in many different formulations of nano-particles. Nano-particles are particles between 1 to 100nm in size and can be classified into different classes based on their shapes, size or properties. Due to their broad range of properties and uses in industrial, domestic, cosmetic and biomedical products they are used on a large scale. Since these particles are used in bulk they are realized in environment where they stay in suspended form and does not degrade easily, causing risk to human exposure and intake. Nanoparticles cause an alteration of inherent material alteration which is responsible for death of the cell, expansion of cancer, undesirable effect on reproductive health and fertility disorder. In the human body, skin serves a major route for entry of nano-particles. Nano-particles can also enter into the body via respiratory ways. Recent studies showed preparation of silver nano-particles by green synthesis approaches that have advantages over conventional methods. This involves chemical agents associated with environmental toxicity. These processes include capping of NPs along with herbal extract. Studies have proven plant extracts to be an effect source of capping and reducing agent which are required in the field of nano formulations, to keep the particles in dispersed form and prevent its agglomeration. Therefore using the plant extract can be a preventive measure towards the green synthesis and preventing the environmental pollution caused by the accumulation of nano-particles which are in the suspended form. Our approach is to check the genotoxic dose dependent level as any nano-particle administered at high dose will induce toxicity. Here Silver NPs are coated with cinnamon extract. Characterization of silver nanoparticles done by Malvern zeta sizer, shows AgNPs size range between 1-100nm and zeta potential range is -9.1mV which shows the particle is in stable form. To check the cytotoxicity level of AgNPs, we performed MTT assay which shows CHO cell line was viable in response to this particles. For the interaction between nanoparticles and DNA, UV visible & fluorescence spectroscopy were performed. This shows AgNPs were not interacting with DNA. Chromosomal aberration assay was carried out to check the genotoxicity which shows the toxicity of AgNPs at higher concentration as compared to lower concentration.