Immunotherapy in Melanoma Skin Cancer

Abstract

Malignant melanoma is one of the leading causes of death due to skin cancer. It’s incidences have increased in the past few years. Early diagnosis and treatment is still a challenge for doctors. Due to recent advancement in technology and better interpretation of our nervous system, several immunotherapies have been developed and have been supported. Monoclonal antibodies against different immune checkpoints have been revolutionary. Antibodies against programmed death receptor-1 (pd-1) and cytotoxic-t lymphocyte antigen-4 (ctla-4) have shown to increase the life of patients after detection. Combination therapy has also proven useful. Additional modern approaches for ctl immunotherapy activation induction, ctl transition and tumour microenvironment alteration to promote ctl activation. In this review, information and data on these approved immunotherapies is presented.